Training and education in the nineteenth century in the educational institutions of the "new type" ; Обучение и воспитание в х1х столетии в учебных заведениях «нового типа» ; Навчання та вихованн дітей у х1х сторіччі у закладі «нового типу»
The issue of education and training of gifted children is relevant in Ukrainenowadays. It seems that this problem occurred before the pedagogy only recently.If we carefully peer into the past, we will find a solution to this issue, and at othertimes and in other countries. One such teaching and educational institutions in theXIX century was the Lyceum, located in Tsarskoye Selo. The names of his pupilsworld–famous Pushkin, Leo, Kiichelbecker, Danzas, Korf and many others.Therefore, the aim of the article is to study the teaching process in the `establishment of conditions, which contributed to the development of talented andextraordinary people. Lyceum in Tsarskoye Selo was opened as a training andeducational institution of a new type of school for gifted children. Thisestablishment is preparing for the civil service is widely educated people who havedefended human rights and spread the world like the present heritage of humanity.The Lyceum of the charter were the following requirements: restaurant – closedtype, training course was divided into two, each in 3 years, training program wasequal to a university course, vacation once a year, on June 1, a meeting with theparents – the holidays, the first issue had a period since 1811 to 1817 years (at thistime of Alexander Pushkin and others studied at the Lyceum).In the ranks of theLyceum in the first year it was decided, after the exams, 38 boys of 10–13 years.Within 6 years of lyceum students studied mathematics, natural science,philosophy, law, economics, literature, art, German, French, Latin, Russian, logic,history, geography, religion, drawing, painting, military business; engaged indancing, gymnastics, horseback riding, fencing, swimming and others. The task ofthe institution for gifted children: Promote the development of the individuality ofeach, develop:– The talents and abilities of each,– Critical thinking, creativeattitude to reality and life. A sense of self–awareness and responsibility, self–reliance, self–esteem, firmness of spirit, love for the motherland, aesthetic tastes,the ability to stand up for justice, truth, honor, dignity. The basic principles oftraining and education are: the principle of humanism, democracy, the nature ofcompliance, harmonization, the principle of disclosure of positive mutualindependence and activity, awareness, strength, and systematic sequence offreethinking. The main types of education: intellectual, aesthetic, moral, physical,patriotic. Lyceum slogan – "For the common good". ; В статье рассматриваются особенности педагогического процесса вучебно–воспитательном заведении для талантливых детей, которыйработал по программе университете в Х1Х столетии. Это заведениенаходилось в Царском Селе и называлось лицеем. Именно в этом лицее училсяА.Пушкин. ; У статті розглядаються особливості педагогічного процесу унавчально–виховному закладі для обдарованих дітей, який працював запрограмою університету у Х1Х сторіччі. Цей заклад мав назву ліцею, буврозташований у Царському Селі. Саме у цьому ліцеї навчався О.Пушкин.